Instrumented Load Test on a Bent Pile

The load carrying capacity of a bent shell pile in soft silts and clays was determined from an instrumented test. Lateral pile displacements along the pile were measured during loading and unloading using an inclinometer traveling in a plastic casing. Pile capacity was estimated by Johnson\u27s (1962) method prior to the load test and by the STRUDL structural engineering program after performing the load test. Both methods adequately predicted the pile performance. STRUDL, however, accommodated more realistic soil parameter variation and boundary conditions necessary for an integral soil-pile-structure interaction analysis

Management of peri-prosthetic fractures around total hip arthroplasty: a contemporary review of surgical options

The burden of periprosthetic fractures is increasing with increasing volumes of total hip arthroplasty. These injuries often occur in older patients with more significant co-morbidity and osteopenia. Management of these injuries is often resource intensive and can present significant socioeconomic challenges. Understanding the principles of surgical management these cases and recognising when fixation or replacement is required is critical. The aim of this article is to present a contemporary evidence-based review of the surgical fixation options for management of periprosthetic fractures in the presence of well-fixed or loose components

The pub as a habitual hub: Place attachment and the Regular customer

Available online 15 November 2018This ethnographic study of an English village community explores the attachment that customers develop to the pubs they frequent to make sense of their experiences, especially those that are regular or habitual. The concept of place attachment provides an important framework when analysing the tripartite aspects of attitudinal, affective and behavioural engagement with the pubs they habituate. These elements of attachment are seen inseparable, contributing to our understanding of customer behaviour, whether regular and frequent or occasional and less predictable. The authors present hospitality as a phenomenon that helps individuals structure their expectations, behaviour and emotional ties to a place and suggest that analysis of hospitable places could extend to other stakeholders, including employees and other members of the community who engage with places in different ways.Peter John Sandiford, Peter Diver

Imbalanced Moment Release Within Subducting Plates During Initial Bending and Unbending

Abstract: Internal deformation within the downgoing plate in subduction zones to accommodate the bending of the plate as it starts to subduct is reflected in widespread intraplate seismicity. This seismicity, extending from the outer rise and outer trench slope down to intermediate depths within the slab, exhibits a wide variety of focal mechanism types, often indicative of the accumulation and recovery of down‐dip curvature through the combination of normal‐faulting and thrust‐faulting earthquakes. In the idealized case, where the bulk internal deformation is recovered and slabs descend as a straight plate into the deeper mantle, we might expect the seismic moment released in both extension and compression to balance. However, a number of factors may complicate this: the thermal, compositional, and rheological evolution of the slab as it subducts, changes in the proportion of deformation accommodated seismically, and whether the slab undergoes any permanent deformation. These factors may result in intraslab deformation and seismicity unrelated to the slab curvature. Here, we assess earthquake moment release in intraslab settings around the world, focusing on those subduction systems with relatively simple slab geometries. Consideration of several regions around the western Pacific and eastern Indian Ocean indicates that substantially more deformation is accommodated seismically during bending than during unbending, and that in both settings, significantly more moment release reflects down‐dip extension than down‐dip compression. This suggests that, although the location of seismicity is clearly related to changes in slab curvature, there is a component of permanent, unrecovered down‐dip extension in many subducting slabs

Cricket, migration and diasporic communities

Ever since different communities began processes of global migration, sport has been an integral feature in how we conceptualise and experience the notion of being part of a diaspora. Sport provides diasporic communities with a powerful means for creating transnational ties, but also shapes ideas of their ethnic and racial identities. In spite of this, theories of diaspora have been applied sparingly to sporting discourses. Due mainly to its central role in spreading dominant white racial narratives within the British Empire, and the various ways different ethnic groups have ‘played’ with the meanings and associations of the sport in the (post-)colonial period, cricket is an interesting focus for academic research. Despite W.G. Grace’s claim that cricket advances civilisation by promoting a common bond, binding together peoples of vastly different backgrounds, to this day cricket operates strict symbolic boundaries; defining those who do, and equally, do not belong. C.L.R. James’ now famous metaphor of looking ‘beyond the boundary’ captures the belief that, to fully understand the significance of cricket, and the sport’s roles in changing and shaping society, one must consider the wider social and political contexts within which the game is played. The collection of papers in this special issue does just that. Cricket acts as the point of departure in each, but the way in which ideas of power, representation and inequality are ‘played out’ is unique in each

Strangers of the north: South Asians, cricket and the culture of ‘Yorkshireness’

As a county, Yorkshire is what Wagg and Russell refer to as a ‘cultural region’: an imagined space, where culture is constructed, refined and articulated by a set of discursive relationships between local populations and a whole range of cultural forms. In this context however, culture is conceived as something which belongs to, and is only accessible by, certain groups of people. Our focus in this article is on the culture of Yorkshire cricket. Historically, Yorkshire cricket has been linked with white male privilege and some studies have shown that people within Yorkshire take a degree of pride in this. Consequently, the county and its cricket club have faced frequent accusations from minority ethnic communities of inveterate and institutionalised racism. Drawing upon Bauman’s notion of ‘liquid modernity’, we argue that the processes of deregulation and individualisation championed by New Right policies have led to a divorce between power and politics, a corner stone of the old solid modern world. This in turn has led to an erosion of the state, causing individuals to navigate turbulent life projects which are consistently haunted by the spectres of fear and insecurity. Such an environment has caused cricket to be pushed further behind gated social spaces, in an attempt to maintain a semblance of ‘community’

The making of English cricket cultures: Empire, globalization and (post) colonialism

The aim of this article is to understand how English cricket cultures have been made, negotiated and, ultimately, resisted in the context of (post) colonialism. I draw upon research undertaken with white and British Asian cricketers in Yorkshire to identify the place and significance of cricket within the everyday lives of British Asian communities. Over the last decade the number of British Asian cricketers progressing into the upper echelons of the game (mainly the English County Championship) has increased. Many within the game (mainly white people) have used these figures to argue that English cricket is now 'colour blind'. However, I argue that representation is not the equivalent to acceptance and integration, and present evidence to suggest that racial prejudice and discrimination, not to mention inaccurate and essentialized cultural stereotypes of British Asian cricketers, remain firmly and routinely embedded in aspects of the sport at all levels. I argue that the ability of British Asians to resist the hegemonic structures of white 'Englishness', by asserting their own distinctive post-colonial identities in cricket, is paramount to their everyday negotiations of power and racism. © 2011 Taylor & Francis

Cleaning up our acts: Psychological interventions to reduce engine idling and improve air quality

A large-scale field experiment tested psychological interventions to reduce engine idling at long-wait stops. Messages based on theories of normative influence, outcome efficacy, and self-regulation were displayed approaching railway crossing on street poles. Observers coded whether drivers (N = 6049) turned off their engine while waiting at the railway crossings (only 27.2% did so at baseline). Automatic air quality monitors recorded levels of pollutants during barrier down times. To different degrees, the social norm and outcome efficacy messages successfully increased the proportion of drivers who turned off their engines (by 42% and 25%, respectively) and significantly reduced concentrations of atmospheric particulate matter (PM2.5) 2 m above ground level. Thus, the environment was improved through behavior change. Moreover, of both practical and theoretical significance, there was an ‘accelerator effect’, in line with theories of normative influence whereby the social norm message was increasingly effective as the volume of traffic increased

Three Cases of Femoral Stem Failure in Rotating Hinge Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: Causes and Surgical Considerations.

Catastrophic failure of stemmed components in arthroplasty is an uncommon but a serious complication. Stem fractures and techniques for addressing these have been described following hip arthroplasty but much less so following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We review three cases of catastrophic failure of the stem in rotating hinge revision TKA prostheses. We discuss the possible mechanism of failure and review the current literature addressing this topic. Metaphyseal support needs to be optimized in order to minimize load transfer to the stem and to the junction (and the risk of fracture) if a modular component is used. When constrained components are used, radiographs need to be carefully assessed for signs of proximal loosening. Nonmodular stems are also an option in this situation.This article is freely available under Open Access. Click on the Additional Link above to access the full-text via the publisher's site